Hepatic enzyme concentrations as indicators of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Article Sidebar

PDF
Published: Feb 29, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18051/UnivMed.2009.v28.139-145 Universa Medicina
Abstract Viewed: 341
PDF Downloaded: 242
Keywords:
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease liver enzyme concentrations ultrasonography

Main Article Content

Alvina Alvina
Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical Faculty, Trisakti University

Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a world-wide problem because it runs an asymptomatic course, ultimately leading to cirrhosis of the liver and portal hypertension, resulting in death. The prevalence of the disease accounts for 3-24% of the population in several countries. Generally there are increased concentrations of hepatic enzymes as markers of liver damage, such as serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT). The aim of the present study was to determine the concentrations of hepatic enzymes as markers of NAFLD. The study design was cross-sectional, involving 90 subjects meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The degree of severity NAFLD was determined by ultrasonography and the concentrations of SGOT, SGPT and GGT by automated clinical chemistry analyzer. The results indicated that there were 32 subjects with mild NAFLD (35.6%), 35 subjects with moderate NAFLD (38.9%) and 23 subjects with severe NAFLD (25.6%). There was a significant difference in degree of NAFLD by gender (p<0.05), where severe NAFLD was more frequent in males than in females. Concentrations of SGOT, SGPT and GGT were significantly different between degrees of NAFLD (p<0.05). The conclusion is that SGOT, SGPT and GGT concentrations are indicators of degree of NAFLD.

Article Details

How to Cite
Alvina, A. (2016). Hepatic enzyme concentrations as indicators of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Universa Medicina, 28(3), 139–145. https://doi.org/10.18051/UnivMed.2009.v28.139-145
Issue
Vol. 28 No. 3 (2009)
Section
Review Article

The journal allows the authors to hold the copyright without restrictions and allow the authors to retain publishing rights without restrictions.

References

Rocha R, Cotrim HP, Bitencourt AGV, Barbosa DBV, Santos AS, Almeida ADM, et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in asymptomatic Brazilian adolescents. World J Gastroenterol 2009;15:473-7.

Kotronen A, Yki-Jarvinem H. Fatty liver: a novel component of the metabolic syndrome. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2008;28:27-38.

Ahmed MH. The road map for the diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Am J Clin Pathol 2007;127:20-2.

Chen ZW, Chen LY, Dai HI, Chen JH, Fang LZ. Relationship between alanine aminotransferase levels and metabolic syndrome in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2008;9:616-22.

Clark JM. The epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adults. J Clin Gastroenterol 2006;40 Suppl:S5-10.

Ong J, Younossi Z. Epidemiology and natural history of NAFLD and NASH. Clin Liver Dis 2007;11:1-16.

Targher G, Bertolini L, Padovani R, Rodella S, Tessari R, Zenari L. Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its association with cardiovascular disease amongtype 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2007;30:1212-8.

Clark J, Diehl A. Defining nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: implications for epidemiologic studies. Gastroenterology 2003;124:248-50.

Marchesini G, Avagnina S, Barantani E, Ciccarone A, Corica F, Dalle G, et al. Aminotransferase and gamma glutamyltranspeptidase levels in obesity are associated with insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 2005;28:333-9.

Schindhelm R, Diamant M, Dekker J, Tushuizen M, Teerlink T, Heine R. Alanine aminotransferase as a marker of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in relation to type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2006;22:437-43.

Kim CH, Park JY, Lee KU, Kim JH, Kim HK. Association of serum gamma-glutamyltransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities with risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus independent of fatty liver. Diabetes Metab Res rev 2009;25:64-9.

Kim HC, Choi SH, Shin HW, Cheong JY, Lee KW, Lee HC, et al. Severity of ultrasonographic liver steatosis and metabolic syndrome in Korean men and women. World J Gastroenterol 2005;11:5314-21.

Lusong MAD, Labio E, Daez L, Gloria V. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the Philippines: Comparable with other nations? World J Gastroenterol 2008;14:913-7.

Amarapurkar D, Kamani P, Patel N, Gupte P, Kumar P, Agal S, et al. Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: population based study. Annals of Hepatology 2007;6:161-3.

Schwimmer J, McGreal N, Deutsch R, Finegold MJ, Lavine JE. Influence of gender, race and ethnicity on suspected fatty liver in obese adolescents. Pediatrics 2005;115:e561-5.

Khurram M, Shakoor A, Arshad MM, Khaar HB, Hasan Z. Characteristic features of 50 NAFLD patients. 2004: DHQ Teaching Hospital Rawalpindi.

Alwis ND, Day C. Non alcoholic fatty liver disease: the mist gradually clears. J Hepatol 2008;48 Suppl 1:S104-12.

Shibata M, Kihara Y, Taguchi M, Tashiro M, Otsuki M. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes in middle-aged Japanese men. Diabetes Care 2007;30:2940-4.

Bahcecioglu IH, Koruk M, Yilmaz O, Bolukbas C, Bolukbas F, Tuncer I, et al. Demographic and clinicopathological characteristics of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the East Southeastern Anatolia Regions in Turkey. Med Princ Pract 2006;15:62-8.

Adams LA, Angulo P, Lindor KD. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. JAMC 2005;172:899-905.

Oneta CM, Dufour JF. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: treatment options based on pathogenic considerations. Swiss Med Wkly 2002;132:493-505.

Olufadi R, Byrne C. Clinical and laboratory diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome. J Clin Pathol 2008;61:697-706.

Reynolds K, He J. Epidemiology of the metabolic syndrome. Am J Med Sci 2005;330:273-9.

Feldstein A, Werneburg N, Canbay A, Guicciardi M, Bronk S, Rydzewski R. Free fatty acids promote hepatic lipotoxicity by stimulating TNF-a expression via a lysosomal pathway. Hepatology 2004;40:185-94.

Chang Y, Ryu S, Sung E, Jang Y. Higher concentrations of alanine aminotransferase within the reference interval predict nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Chem 2007;53:686-92.

Giboney PT. Mildly elevated liver transaminase levels in the asymptomatic patient. Am Fam Physician 2005;71:1105-10.

Harrison SA, Tetri BN. Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of NAFLD. In: Farrell GC, George J, Hall PdlM, McCullough AJ, editors. Fatty liver disease: NASH and related disorders. 1st ed. Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing;2005. p.159-67.

Fraser A, Longnecker M, Lawlor D. Prevalence of elevated alanine aminotransferase among US adolescents and associated factors: NHANES 1999-2004. Gastroenterology 2007;133:1814-20.

Stranges S, Dorn J, Muti P, Freudenheim J, Farinaro E, Russell M, et al. Body fat distribution, relative weight and liver enzyme level: a population-based study. Hepatology 2004;39:754-63.

Nurman A. Non alcoholic fatty liver disease. Univ Med 2007;26:205-15.

Grundy SM. Gamma glutamyl transferase, another biomarker for metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2007;27:4-7.

Tiikkainen M, Bergholm R, Vehkavaara S, Aila Rissanen A, Häkkinen AM, Tamminen M, et al. Effects of identical weight loss on body composition and features of insulin resistance in obese women with high and low liver fat content. Diabetes 2003;52:701-7.

Thamer C, Tschritter O, Haap M, Shirkavand F, Machann J, Fritsche A, et al. Elevated serum GGT concentrations predict reduced insulin sensitivity and increased intrahepatic lipids. Horm Metab Res 2005;37:246-51.

Siegelman ES, Rosen MA. Imaging of hepatic steatosis. Semin Liver Dis 2001;21:71-80.

Mcavoy NC, Ferguson JW, Campbell ANW, Hayes PC. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: natural history, pathogenesis and treatment. Br J Diabetes Vasc Dis 2006;6:251-60.